The Effects of Royal Jelly Acid, 10-Hydroxy-trans-2-decenoic Acid, on Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress in Astrocytes Stimulated with Lipopolysaccharide and Hydrogen Peroxide

The increased prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases, especially during the COVID-19 outbreak, necessitates search for natural immune- and cognitive-enhancing agents. 10-Hydroxy-trans-2-decenoic acid (10-H2DA), main fatty royal jelly, has several pharmacological activities. Given fundamental role astrocytes in regulating immune responses central nervous system, we used cortical to examine effect 10-H2DA on expression genes associated with neuroinflammation production neurotrophins, as well cellular resistance H2O2-induced cytotoxicity. Astrocytes, pretreated a range concentrations 24 h, were exposed lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 3 after which proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)) neurotrophic factors (BDNF, GDNF, IGF-1) was evaluated. In absence LPS, had no significant mRNA neurotrophins or except IL-1β, significantly low doses (3 µM). (10 µM) pretreatment LPS-stimulated cells did not inhibit cytokine encoding genes; however, it lowered GDNF tended decrease BDNF IGF-1 compared LPS alone. Additionally, protect against oxidative stress. Our data indicate anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, undergoing inflammation inhibition by neuronal ketogenesis needs investigation.